Aims and Scope Jurnal Pengajian Media Malaysia, or JPMM (Malaysian Journal of Media Studies) is a peer reviewed interdisciplinary journal in media and communication studies. Contributions of research articles, theoretical papers, concepts paper as well as article/ book reviews in media and communication studies and related fields are welcomed. The journal provides an intellectual venue for academics, postgraduate students and practitioners in the field of human services to debate on the various issues in the area of studies aforementioned. Authors can submit their manuscripts in either English or Malay language. Publication Frequency Published twice a year, Jun and December ISSN 1511-2284 l E-ISSN 2231-8143 Jurnal Pengajian Media Malaysia at jpmm.um.edu.my is licensed under a creative commons attribution 4.0 international license.
Department of Media Studies and Communication, UM
Guest Editor’s Note: “Sustainability and Equality of Health: Empowered through Communication”
The special issue on Health Communication themed “Sustainability and Equality of Health: Empowered through Communication” highlights several critical aspects of health communication and the role of media in promoting positive health beliefs for sustainable and equitable health outcomes. This issue features six papers that emphasize the importance of effective communication in different contexts and audiences. The insights provided by these studies are vital to building an understanding of media and communication practices that help build resilience among members of the public. In the post-pandemic era, this resilience is seen to be the public’s strongest defence.
Special issue Sustainability and equality of health: Empowered through communica
Copyright (c) 2024 Jurnal Pengajian Media Malaysia https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Gender Biases Represented in Malaysian and Thai National Language Textbooks for Primary Schools
This paper examines gender representations in language textbooks in Malaysia (Buku Teks Bahasa Melayu) and Thailand (Bhasapatee Chan Prathom Suksa) used at the primary school level, years 1–6. Despite their declared aims of teaching language skills, moral values and critical thinking, both textbooks embed gender biases shaped by their respective social and cultural contexts. We compared these textbooks qualitatively using discursive analytical techniques, and quantitatively by counting and categorizing the number of occurrences of biases. The comparison revealed both similarities and differences in how gender roles and stereotypes are presented. We found multiple instances supporting our assertion that both textbooks are gender-biased in many ways.
Representasi Berita Banjir dalam Akhbar Berita Harian dan Free Malaysia Today (Disember 2021 – Januari 2022)
The flood disaster that hit Malaysia for three weeks from mid-December 2021 until early January 2022 was one of the worst floods to hit the country. The role of the media is very important in providing accurate news for public understanding and then helping them make decisions related to this issue. However, the media has its agenda in constructing news for the audience based on ownership, readership and revenues. Understanding the representation of flood news is vital to explore how the media helps the community to make informed decisions when facing flood disasters through its reporting. This study aims to identify the pattern, news sources and theme of flood news reporting from 17 December 2021 to 16 January 2022 by mainstream newspaper, Berita Harian and alternative newspaper, Free Malaysia Today using qualitative content analysis. News samples (N = 210) were collected from both news portals and analyzed descriptively using SPSS software. The study’s findings show that Free Malaysia Today publishes flood news almost seven times more (87.1%) than Berita Harian (12.9%). Both newspapers emphasize the same theme which is assistance to the victims. All 210 news items are published with pictures and videos, most of which show the flood situation. Through the Agenda Setting Theory and Framing Theory, this study concludes that mainstream and alternative newspapers do not show significant differences in terms of ownership agenda and framing because the reporting pattern and theme are almost the same except for the frequency of reporting.
Unveiling Social Learning Through Emotional Experience: A Phenomenological Study on the Impact of It’s Okay to Not Be Okay Korean Drama in Malaysia
Social learning is a process whereby it happens in all human beings through observing, imitating, and modelling the behaviours, attitudes, and emotional reactions of others. Social learning commonly happens and tends to happen naturally through the adaptation process. It can occur not only through interaction with others but this procedure can be triggered through mass media, leading to attitudes and behavioural change. In Malaysia, mental health is the second-highest health problem, and the drama “It’s Okay to Not Be Okay” with the mental health awareness theme is believed to be able to deliver educational information to the audience. Hence, this research employs emotional experience to further elaborate the presence of social learning among the audience in a qualitative approach by using the phenomenology study to understand the perception and emotions of the audience. In this study, 11 young Malaysian audiences aged 18 to 30 were selected using a purposive sampling method to conduct in-depth interviews. The results show that the audience learned and perceived the information from the drama has changed their perception of mental health issues and their behaviour towards someone with mental health problems by treating them equally and becoming more tolerant. The implication of this study indicates that the “charity starts at home” is the baseline of every behaviour development.
The Pervasiveness of Social Media Platforms Towards Social Media Fatigue and Fear of Missing Out: A Threat to The Mental Health of Students in China
When data shows an increase in students burnt out owing to meeting obligations as a student, the mental health of students in China is alarming. The high level of expectation in research has caused them to focus and ensure that the information is current and up to date. Students in China might experience Fear of Missing Out (FOMO) and Social Media Fatigue (SMF) because of their extended engagement with social media platforms as a result of this pressure. As a result, the purpose of this study is to determine the influence of Social Media Platform use and its effect on social media fatigue and fear of missing out among Chinese students. These quantitative studies were conducted on students from Chinese public universities. There are 381 students was participated in the study. Stratified random sampling was used in getting the samples. Results shows positive relationship between Use of social media platform towards social media fatigue (ρ =.626) and Fear of Missing Out (ρ =.702) among China students. Pearson The correlation analysis was utilised to detect the association, and regression was used to determine the weightage of the influence. Risk of students’ mental health can be reduced by participation by the community at large. As discussed, life of a university student has frequently been burdened by high expectations established by parents, teachers, and society at large. As a result, mental health is something that society or relevant organisations may work on to alleviate student load and ensure study-life balance.
Migrant Identities in Crisis: A Discourse Analysis of Al Jazeera’s ‘Locked Up in Malaysia’s Lockdown
This paper investigates how language is used in online media to frame the crisis surrounding undocumented immigrants in Malaysia amid a global pandemic. A 25-minute Al Jazeera documentary, “Locked Up in Malaysia’s Lockdown”, was examined following Bucholtz and Hall’s (2005) selected principles of positionality, relationality, and indexicality. The findings reveal an intricate link to identity, with the theme of ‘Us vs. Them’ being the common thread that connects to all other discourses surrounding race, class, gender, nationality, and nationalism. The findings contribute to theoretical knowledge and raise awareness of the implications of negative rhetoric against the marginalised in society.
Review of Bukak Api (2000): Perspectives of Educational Health Film in Increasing HIV/AIDS Literacy in Trans- And Cis-Gender Sexual Workers and Drug Users
This article is a reassessment of the film Bukak Api, focusing on two key facets. First, it evaluates the precision and fidelity with which Bukak Api portrays the complex issues surrounding human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). In doing so, it assesses the extent to which the film conveys accurate information and fosters a deeper understanding of these critical health topics. Second, the article delves into the film’s stated role as an educational film utilising educational film framework, exploring how effectively it fulfils this mission and contributes to public awareness and knowledge of HIV and AIDS.
Modern Slavery and Feminisation of Victimisation: The Portrayals of Foreign Women as the Other in Malaysian Crime Reporting
This study is conducted mainly to analyse Malaysian crime reporting involving foreign women .Using the concept of othering and thematical discourse analysis as the methodology, this study identifies the main themes of foreign women as victims based on headlines and news text published in The Star, The New Straits Times, The Sun, and The Malay Mail. Foreign women are reported as victims routinely. They were victims under the rhetoric of Modern Slavery and the Feminisation of Victimisation. The narrative constructed them as a problem and threat due to their status as the 'other'.
Festive Capitalism and the Antagonist: A Qualitative Content Analysis of Sponsored Chinese New Year Shorts in YouTube from Malaysia in 2022
This study explores the use of antagonists in Chinese New Year shorts as cultural products to uphold capitalist ideology. Employing qualitative content analysis and character theory within the Marxist framework of cultural commodification, the examination of 50 shorts available in YouTube from Malaysia in 2022 found that regular forms of antagonists persisted. The shorts revolved around middle-class families, allowing the audience to easily relate to the overall narratives. Positive endings create a favourable impression of the sponsored brands, promoting longterm consumerism and brand support. The commodification of Chinese psychology is evident through the creation of fear during the festive season.
Using Social Media For ADHD Education and Advocacy: A Case Study of Mental Health Influencer Dr. Ned Hallowell
The rapid popularization of social media accelerates the speed of information dissemination, and the ADHD community is discriminated against and stereotyped by the underground influence of media content quality. Ned Hallowell, as a key opinion leader in the field of ADHD, actively promotes the positive characteristics of ADHD. This article takes his social media content to explore the positive characteristics of ADHD. Research found that ADHD has unique potential in creativity, humor, and high enthusiasm. This article advocates ADHD as a resource rather than a barrier, encouraging individuals with ADHD to establish connections with their unique traits.
Portrayals of Cancer in Hingga Jumpa Lagi (2018): Understanding And Enhancing Health Literacy in The Screen Media
Screen media plays a vital role in shaping public perceptions of cancer. This article examines the Malay telefilm Hingga Jumpa Lagi (2018) and its representation of cancer’s complexities. While the telefilm effectively showcases the personal struggles of Eva, it oversimplifies the multifaceted aspects of the disease. This oversimplification risks perpetuating misconceptions and stigmatisation. Identifying crucial gaps in information, this article suggests that the telefilm lacks depth needed for comprehensive understanding. Recommendations emphasise the necessity of providing additional, accurate information within the film to dispel misconceptions. By enhancing the portrayal’s accuracy, this approach aims to foster informed support for cancer patients and promote better societal awareness of the disease.
Promoting New Media Literacy on Youth Usage of the Internet: A Conceptual Paper
The rapid progress of Internet technology has profoundly influenced multiple aspects of life. The proliferation of the Internet has sparked worries over its ethical use and ensuing repercussions, particularly among youths in Malaysia. Suicide, fraud, harassment, and Internet scams underscore the potential dangers. The study aims to enhance theoretical understanding of the topic by emphasizing the significance of promoting new media literacy in the context of Internet usage. The study uses quantitative methodology, entailing surveys on youths aged 18 to 30 living in Shah Alam, Selangor. The findings are expected to contribute to the theoretical knowledge of the importance of promoting new media literacy while using the Internet.
Commodification, Depiction and Objectification of Women in Pakistani Television Advertisements
Objectification of women has been a concerning issue over the past years worldwide. Objectification usually emerged from the commodification and depiction of women through television advertisements. However, the process that helped the advertisers to secure more patronage on the intended item over the depiction of women is attractive. Therefore, the objective of the paper is to analyse the commodification and depiction of women in Pakistani television advertisements. The reviewed literature concluded that the way women are commodified and objectified in advertisements is totally against Pakistan’s social system. Resultantly, such portrayal of women is a source of gender inequality, stereotyping, sexual, seductive, and provocative presentation of women that reinforces the objectification of women in society. In addition, the representation of women in a sexual manner in the advertisements destroys the value system of society in general. It is a widely accepted fact that the objectification of women is an ethical issue requiring further investigation to determine how women are portrayed in Pakistani advertisements.
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Future of Malaysian Youth at Risk: Mental Health, Self-Efficacy and Behavioural Change
High rates of mental health problems are a growing concern in Malaysia higher education, negatively impacting students’ behaviour. Despite the serious nature of poor mental health, students often do not seek help because of negative behavioural changes. Identifying the youth's past behaviour, demographic culture, personality, moods & emotions and Media Intervention will further in identifying the level of mental health faced by our youth, early detection is important to reduce the risk of mental health issues amongst them. Recent mental health research reports that self-efficacy is associated with better mental health and reduced negative behavioural change. However, relationships between those constructs remain to be evaluated among youth in Malaysia. This study aims to appraise the relationships between mental health problems, self-efficacy and behavioural change in this population. An opportunity sample of 201 students from a public university completed questionnaires regarding these constructs. Correlation, regression, and path analyses were conducted. Mental health problems were positively associated with self-efficacy and behavioural change. Findings suggest self-efficacy is essential for mental health in Malaysian youth and is associated with negative.
Pengaruh literasi media dalam meningkatkan penyertaan politik pengundi muda semasa PRU 15
The 15th General Election is a change in the country's political landscape following the gazetting of the voting age limit on 15 December 2021. Potter's media literacy model (2004) was used to test the factors of political personal locus, political knowledge structure and political information process skill structure. A study of 750 respondents looked at statistics and social media trends. While touching on the structure of political knowledge, two aspects will be evaluated, namely 1) Analysis and 2) Evaluation that leads to the readiness of political participation. Indicators of willingness to participate in politics are three evaluation perspectives, namely 1) awareness of voting, 2) willingness to vote and 3) willingness to participate in campaigns that will ultimately determine the literacy level of this group.
Online Users’ Perception of Sensational Political News Posted on Online News Portals of Astro Awani and Malaysiakini
Today, newspapers either online or printed play important roles to convey political information to the public. The usage of sensationalism is a strategy for grabbing the attention of a crowd. Politicians and media outlets alike frequently rely on sensationalism to advance their goals. The purpose of this research is to study what is the perception of online users towards sensational political news on the online news portal of Astro Awani and Malaysiakini. The researcher employed a qualitative method via in-depth interviews. Users of online news portals read political news on online platforms to know more about contemporary problems confronting Malaysia's political system.
Government Crisis and Risk Communication on Covid-19 Pandemic: A Conceptual Paper
This study present a conceptual paper on government communication about public health crisis, which is COVID-19 pandemic. In this paper, a conceptual framework for government crisis communication is offered after a careful review and analysis of the relevant literature. The study is possible to arrange the research on crisis communication to be related based on the application of the theory and the model. Having a thorough understanding of crisis communication may enable practitioners or crisis communicators to develop innovative approaches to successfully involve stakeholders, such as citizens. In conclusion, this conceptual work might be seen as starting point for other scholars who want to particularly investigate crisis communication, including disasters both natural and man-made.
Promoting Health Sustainability and Equality Globally During Pandemics with Strategic Health Communication
The COVID-19 pandemic has focused attention on the importance of public health communication around the globe. The pandemic has not only been a major health challenge but has also been a challenge to communicating relevant health information and support for guiding effective responses to the rapidly spreading and adapting virus. The pandemic has been complicated by problems with disseminating relevant information, helping people recognize key risks and response guidelines, along with difficult misinformation issues. This review article examines what we have learned from the pandemic about effective communication strategies to promote health sustainability and equality within countries and across nations.
Advokasi Media: Analisis Liputan Berita Harian Online Terhadap Isu Berkaitan Orang Kurang Upaya di Malaysia (2014-2020)
Komuniti Orang Kurang Upaya (OKU) sering mendapat perhatian oleh pengamal media komunikasi massa di Malaysia. Misalnya, akhbar Berita Harian Online memaparkan isu-isu komuniti ini yang ditonjolkan oleh masyarakat, aktivis sosial, pegawai kerajaan dan ahli politik. Isu-isu utama komuniti OKU yang mendapat perhatian akhbar ini adalah seperti penyalahgunaan penyediaan kemudahan akses kepada komuniti OKU, peluang pekerjaan, huluran bantuan, gangguan seksual serta peluang pendidikan dan kemahiran OKU. Artikel ini bertujuan memaparkan laporan wartawan Berita Harian Online sebagai media komunikasi massa yang menyalurkan pelbagai maklumat dan peranan melalui isu-isu tentang komuniti OKU mendapat perhatian ahli politik, kerajaan Malaysia dan masyarakat. Kaedah kualitatif yang digunapakai ialah paparan berita semasa serta penulisan wartawan dan rencana penulis bebas yang mengemukakan isu-isu OKU serta diterbitkan dalam Berita Harian Online dari tahun 2014 hingga 2020. Hasil dapatan daripada penulisan ini telah mengesani sejauh mana isu-isu komuniti OKU yang dikemukakan oleh Berita Harian Online memberi impak kepada kerajaan, jabatan yang bertanggungjawab, persatuan OKU dan badan bukan kerajaan untuk menambaikbaikan keperluan dan hak-hak komuniti OKU setelah mendengar luahan dan keperluan mereka. Beberapa isu yang terdapat dalam akhbar ini telah mendapat perhatian kerajaan pemerintah seperti bantuan kemudahan, potensi pendidikan dan mempertingkatkan kemudahan akses yang sempurna kepada komuniti OKU di tempat awam.
The Impact of Colourism in Social Media Advertising on Young Consumers’ Attitude and Behaviour in Malaysia
Advertising has moved towards the notion that fair skin is the ideal standard of beauty. However, exposure to social media has opened the eyes of many, to issues such as colourism. Employing Critical Race Theory, this study explores the impact of colourism in social media advertisements on young consumers’ attitude and purchasing behaviour in Malaysia. In-depth interviews were conducted on 11 active social media users aged 19 to 27 years old. Thematic analysis was used and found that consumers’ awareness of colourism has caused an unfavourable attitude towards ads. Moreover, consumers’ behaviour towards products advertised were mostly impacted psychologically.
Pelaporan Isu Harimau Malaya dalam Akhbar New Straits Times dan The Malay Mail
The Malayan tiger, or Panthera Tigris Jacksoni, was classified as a “critically endangered” species under the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Species Red List in June 2015, with fewer than 200 Malayan tigers in the wild today. However, even though the Malayan tiger’s extinction is a serious issue, the Malaysian press still seems to pay little attention to reporting on it. Therefore, this study was conducted to examine the reporting themes, primary sources, and images used in reporting the Malayan tiger issue in two selected online newspapers, New Straits Times (NST) and The Malay Mail. Quantitative content analysis was selected as the research method, and the sample of Malayan tiger issue articles was taken for analysis from June 2015 to June 2020. The research found that these two online newspapers reported only 103 articles within five years. Conservation themes were the highest main theme in reporting the Malayan tiger issue by both newspapers, with the majority using pictures of objects in their reporting. However, the primary sources used in reporting the Malayan tiger issue are different between the two online newspapers, i.e., NST uses more sources from non-governmental organizations. In comparison, The Malay Mail uses more sources from the government. The findings of this study can contribute to knowledge in the field of environmental communication, especially regarding the importance of media reporting on the issue of animal extinction in Malaysia. Harimau Malaya atau dikenali sebagai Panthera Tigris Jacksoni telah diklasifikasikan sebagai spesis “terancam kritikal” di dalam Senarai Merai Spesis oleh International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) pada Jun 2015 disebabkan oleh kurang daripada 200 ekor harimau Malaya sahaja boleh ditemui hari ini. Sungguhpun isu kepupusan harimau Malaya adalah serius, akhbar Malaysia dilihat masih kurang memberikan perhatian dalam pelaporan mengenainya. Oleh itu, kajian ini dilaksanakan dengan tujuan untuk mengkaji tema pelaporan, sumber utama dan imej yang digunakan dalam pelaporan mengenai harimau Malaya dalam dua akhbar dalam talian terpilih iaitu New Straits Times (NST) dan The Malay Mail. Analisis kandungan kuantitatif dipilih sebagai kaedah kajian dan sampel artikel harimau Malaya diambil dari Jun 2015 sehingga Jun 2020 untuk dianalisis. Hasil kajian ini mendapati bahawa sebanyak 103 buah artikel sahaja telah dilaporkan oleh kedua-dua akhbar dalam talian ini dalam tempoh lima tahun berkenaan. Tema pemuliharaan merupakan tema utama tertinggi dalam pelaporan isu harimau Malaya oleh kedua-dua akhbar dengan majoriti gambar berbentuk objek paling banyak digunakan dalam pelaporan mereka. Walau bagaimanapun, sumber utama yang digunakan dalam pelaporan isu harimau Malaya adalah berbeza antara kedua-dua akhbar iaitu NST lebih banyak menggunakan sumber dari organisasi bukan kerajaan manakala The Malay Mail lebih banyak menggunakan sumber dari kerajaan. Diharapkan dapatan kajian ini dapat menyumbang kepada perkembangan bidang Kewartawanan Alam Sekitar khususnya berkenaan kepentingan pelaporan media dalam isu berkenaan kepupusan haiwan di Malaysia.
The Impact of Sensational News Towards Public Perception on The Malaysian News Industry
The publication of sensational news is argued to bring harmful consequences in the long run. Going against journalistic standards, it has the tendency to form a negative public perception. However, the effectiveness of sensationalism has amplified with the aid of digital media. Therefore, this study is conducted to find out how online sensational news impacts public perception of the Malaysian news industry. Survey questionnaires were distributed to 150 Malaysian online news readers via purposive sampling. In the end, it is suggested that negative perception alone would not pose significant threats to the survival of media outlets. Still, there is a price to pay – that is the reputation and public perception of the industry itself.
A Systematic Review on Brand with Virtual Team For NGOs
A brand is what comes to mind when a potential supporter, donor, or consumer hears an organization's name. Brands are growing part of the workings of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) engaged in international aid and development. From telling and selling, branding has moved to communicating and sharing. In the NGO sector, branding draws attention to the complexities and clashes within NGO identity. This study examines the brand with a virtual team for NGOs. A systematic review of academic literature was done to find these. This review was constructed from the Reporting Standards for Systematic Evidence Synthesis (ROSES) protocol. To conduct this review, 128 articles were collected from three databases, which were chosen from Research Gate, Emerald Insight, and Google Scholar, and then articles were identified, screened, and reviewed. Once the selection was done, an analysis was then conducted. This was done to identify important branding elements that served as the basis for analysis when looking at the methods of a chosen brand for NGOs.
Instagram dan Buli Siber dalam kalangan Remaja di Malaysia
The invention of the Internet was the driving force behind the creation of social media platforms like Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, and TikTok. Instagram is a platform for sharing pictures with the world and is a favorite among many, especially the younger generation. Thanks to the emergence of social media, people can communicate and strengthen their relationships from the comfort of their homes. Sadly, this application has been misused by some people to harass others. This research aimed to investigate the causes and effects of cyberbullying on teenagers in Malaysia that occurs on Instagram. Qualitative interviews were conducted to acquire the study results, and purposeful sampling techniques were applied. The study results found that the bullying victim factor, the bully factor and the factor of wanting to stand out in social media are the leading causes of bullying in the application. At the same time, the study’s results on the effects of being bullied show the positive and negative effects of online bullying. Perkembangan internet secara langsung membawa kepada perkembangan media sosial seperti Facebook, Twitter, Instagram dan Tiktok. Aplikasi Instagram merupakan aplikasi untuk perkongsian gambar dalam talian dan merupakan salah satu aplikasi yang popular dalam kalangan masyarakat, terutamanya golongan muda. Kemunculan media sosial ini telah memudahkan kehidupan manusia di mana mereka dapat berkomunikasi dan mengeratkan hubungan dalam talian. Bagaimanapun terdapat individu yang tidak bertanggunjawab telah menyalahgunakan aplikasi ini untuk dijadikan sebagai medium untuk membuli individu lain. Kajian ini telah dijalankan bagi melihat punca dan kesan buli siber melalui Instagram terhadap remaja di Malaysia. Keadah kualitatif temu bual secara mendalam dengan teknik persampelan secara bertujuan telah digunakan dalam mendapatkan hasil kajian. Hasil kajian mendapati faktor mangsa buli, faktor pembuli dan faktor ingin menonjolkan diri dalam media sosial merupakan punca utama aktiviti membuli berlaku dalam aplikasi berkenaan. Manakala hasil kajian mengenai kesan akibat dibuli menunjukkan terdapat kesan postif dan negatif akibat pembulian atas talian ini.
Analysis of Privacy Awareness among Social Media Users In Malaysia
Social media has slowly taken over our privacy to exchange the accessibility of platforms. This study is to raise awareness to the public about the importance of privacy invasion and alert them to take action on it. It concludes users’ privacy awareness level as high, but they are not cautious enough which leads to unsharp opinion and they do not have any idea of protecting their privacy. The results show the majority willing to disclose family and financial information as they think that social media is safe if respondents only allow friends they know to view on their social media.
Editorial introduction for special issue -- Regional Communication Student Colloqium (RCSC) 2022
In light of equipping ourselves with further perspective on how hybrid communication has made an impact to our communication and media field, the School of Communication, Universiti Sains Malaysia has organized the Regional Communication Student Colloquium (RCSC) 2022 in 20th October 2022, to provide students a platform to exchange their knowledge, experience and perspectives on the pertaining issue. RCSC 2022 aspires to offer a valuable research culture among students, both undergraduates and postgraduates in preparing them to become competent and established scholars. In specific, this colloquium is about “Celebrating Novice Researchers” in fostering students to share their novel ideas and offer opportunities for students to present their research to the communication society, in Malaysia as well as abroad. Particularly, our aim is to foster research culture among students and give them exposure on the research practices among scholars. Hence, this Special Issue presents the core perspectives of hybrid communication and digitally connected world in further sustaining people’s lives. The papers in this Special Issue comprise diverse range of topics, perspectives and research in communication and media that were presented and discoursed by both postgraduate and undergraduate students. In specific, the articles engage readers on issues, impact and challenges that are related to hybrid communication. Dr Nur Atikah A Rahman and Dr Rani Ann Balaraman Advisors of RCSC 2022 Organising Committee School of Communication Universiti Sains Malaysia
Analisis Posisi Penonton Wanita dalam Filem Arahan Pengarah Wanita Indonesia
Munculnya wanita sebagai pengarah filem diharapkan dapat mewacanakan wanita sebenarnya ada dalam masyarakat. Ini disebabkan pengarah wanita dianggap tahu benar apa yang dirasakan oleh wanita berbanding pengarah lelaki. Kajian ini menekankan pandangan Sellnow (2017) bahawa salah satu bahagian yang paling penting dalam mengkaji wanita dalam filem adalah apakah wanita yang diwacanakan dalam filem sesuai atau tidak seperti yang diinginkan oleh penonton wanita. Kajian ini berusaha mengkaji posisi penonton wanita dan kesesuaian wacana wanita dalam filem Indonesia melalui teknik analisis kritis wacana feminis Sara Mills (1994). Penyelidik menjalankan temu bual kumpulan secara talian kepada lima pelajar wanita sarjana muda universiti di Indonesia. Didapati bahawa informan wanita merasa berada dalam posisi pelakon utama wanita kerana wacana wanita yang ditampilkan dalam filem sesuai dengan dengan keadaan sebenar wanita dalam masyarakat.
Beauty Standard in Malaysian Advertisements: An Analysis from Local Advertisers’ Perspective
The impact of Westernization in Malaysia in recent years has brought a decrease in public identity and an increase in adapting Western beauty standards. The literature directed Malaysians in demonstrating slim and fair idealness has predominant in well-off, urban settings. This study examines the beauty standard in local beauty product advertisements on Instagram. An in-depth interview was conducted with advertisers to gain insights into the local advertising perspective. The result concludes that advertisers still keep up with the traditional beauty standard since it fits society’s preference which results from the hike in revenue. However, diversity of beauty is equally accepted among millennials.
Understanding Academic Misconduct Behaviours among University Students during the Covid-19 Remote Teaching and Learning (RTL) Phase
The COVID-19 pandemic has necessitated many higher educational institutions (HEIs) to switch to online learning. In situations rife with academic uncertainties, students and staff had to adjust to this new norm. However, communication scholars established that with social presence, online learning can be enriching (Short et al., 1976). In this study, we predict that religiosity, social presence, and CMC use will reduce academic misconduct behaviors. Findings indicate that religiosity reduced academic misconduct behaviors, and perceived religiosity emerged as a significant mediator. The implication of these findings on social presence theory, and factors that may influence academic misconduct behaviors, is deliberated.
Towards Understanding the Personal and Situational Factors of Cyber Aggression: A Theoretical Review
The act of aggression through computer-mediated-communication is often coined as cyber aggression. The media reports attracted social scientists to study the phenomenon. Unfortunately, local research is limited; therefore, many policies and practices are being developed and implemented without a solid research foundation. A study is conducted to understand the factors that lead to cyber aggression among youths in Malaysia. The study proposed a contemporary general aggression model as the underpinning theory and the media system dependency for this study. The model explains the situational and aggression factors between parents and peer influences, youth’s personality trait, internet exposure and cyber aggression.