https://ejournal.um.edu.my/index.php/SARJANA/issue/feed SARJANA 2023-12-15T00:04:47+08:00 Editor- in-Chief sarjana@um.edu.my Open Journal Systems <p><strong>SARJANA</strong> is an international peer-reviewed multi-disciplinary journal published twice a year by the Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, University of Malaya. SARJANA is indexed in UDLedge Social Sciences &amp; Humanities Citation Index (SS&amp;HCI), Google Scholar, the Malaysian Citation Centre - MyCite Citation Report and in the Bibliography of Asian Studies (<em>Bibliography of Asian Studies</em> (BAS) is the most comprehensive Western-language database for research on East, Southeast and South Asia. It covers all subjects with special focus on the humanities and social sciences). </p> <p> </p> <p><img src="https://ejournal.um.edu.my/public/site/images/shanthi/Untitled-11.jpg" alt="" /><img src="https://ejournal.um.edu.my/public/site/images/shanthi/n4.jpg" alt="" /><img src="https://ejournal.um.edu.my/public/site/images/shanthi/Logo.png" alt="" /></p> <p> </p> <p><em>OVERVIEW:</em></p> <p>Discipline(s) / Subdiscipline(s): </p> <p style="margin: 0in; margin-bottom: .0001pt;"><span class="feinstructioncontent">1. Arts &amp; Humanities</span><br /><span class="feinstructioncontent"> - Philosophy</span><br /><span class="feinstructioncontent"> - Literature</span></p> <p style="margin: 0in; margin-bottom: .0001pt;"> - Language</p> <p style="margin: 0in; margin-bottom: .0001pt;"> - Religion<br /><br /><span class="feinstructioncontent"> 2. Social Sciences</span><br /><span class="feinstructioncontent"> - Area Studies</span><br /><span class="feinstructioncontent"> - Political Science</span></p> <p style="margin: 0in; margin-bottom: .0001pt;"> - Sociology</p> <p style="margin: 0in; margin-bottom: .0001pt;"> - Anthropology</p> <p style="margin: 0in; margin-bottom: .0001pt;"> - Development Studies</p> <p><br />E-ISSN: 2289-5434<br />Print ISSN: 1823-7746<br />Publisher: University of Malaya<br />Publication type: Print &amp; Electronic<br />Publication frequency: 2 time(s) per year<br />Journal Website: https://ejournal.um.edu.my/index.php/SARJANA/index</p> <p>Contact Info</p> <p>Chief Editor,<br />SARJANA,<br />Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences,<br />University of Malaya, Lembah Pantai,<br />50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia<br /><br />E-mel: <a href="mailto:sarjana@um.edu.my">sarjana@um.edu.my</a></p> <p> </p> <p> SARJANA, the journal of the Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, University of Malaya, is a multi-disciplinary journal published twice a year in June and December by the Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences. Contributions of articles based on original research are invited from scholars working in the Humanities and Social Sciences. Articles should be between 5,000 to 8,000 words.</p> https://ejournal.um.edu.my/index.php/SARJANA/article/view/48591 KEMELESETAN EKONOMI DUNIA 1929: KESAN TERHADAP SEKTOR PERTANIAN DI SEBERANG PERAI, PULAU PINANG, 1929-1936 2023-12-14T23:12:23+08:00 Muhammad Yuzie Sharfizam Abu Bakar muhammadyuzie@gmail.com Mohd Firdaus Abdullah mfa@ukm.edu.my <p><strong>ABSTRAK</strong></p> <p>Kajian ini meneliti sejauh mana Kemelesetan Ekonomi Dunia yang bermula pada tahun 1929 mempengaruhi pemikiran dan tindakan British dalam melindungi kepentingan sektor pertanian di Seberang Perai, Pulau Pinang, dari tahun 1929 sehingga tahun 1936.&nbsp; Objektif kajian ini ialah untuk meninjau kesan-kesan Kemelesetan Ekonomi Dunia terhadap sektor pertanian, eksport pertanian dan penglibatan buruh &nbsp;di Seberang Perai dalam tempoh yang dinyatakan. Seterusnya kajian ini menganalisis dan menilai langkah-langkah yang diambil dalam melindungi kepentingan sektor pertanian di Seberang Perai serta kesan-kesan yang timbul. Kajian ini merupakan penyelidikan mikro sejarah yang menggunakan kaedah penyelidikan kualitatif serta kuantitatif. Bahan dan sumber kajian ini &nbsp;diperoleh dari Arkib Negara Malaysia, Arkib Negara Malaysia Cawangan Negeri Kedah, Arkib Negara Malaysia Cawangan Pulau Pinang, Perbadanan Perpustakaan Awam Pulau Pinang, Perpustakaan Hamzah Sendut, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Perpustakaan Tun Sri Lanang dan Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. Dapatan kajian ini menemui bahawa kemelesetan ekonomi yang berlaku telah memberikan kesedaran kepada British untuk melindungi sektor pertanian di Seberang Perai ekoran&nbsp; sumbangan signifikan sektor ini terhadap pendapatan kerajaan dalam tempoh yang dinyatakan. &nbsp;Kajian ini mempunyai kepentingan tersendiri dalam menjadikan pengalaman sejarah sebagai rujukan dalam pemantapan polisi dan dasar ekonomi negara. Malah ia boleh dijadikan sebagai rujukan oleh pihak berwajib dalam menghadapi ancaman kemelesetan ekonomi yang terjadi dari semasa ke semasa.</p> <p>Kata kunci: Kemelesetan Ekonomi, Sektor Pertanian, Tanah Melayu, British, Seberang Perai, Pulau Pinang</p> 2023-12-15T00:00:00+08:00 Copyright (c) 2023 SARJANA https://ejournal.um.edu.my/index.php/SARJANA/article/view/48592 KEKANGAN BURUH DALAM PEMBANGUNAN SEKTOR PERIKANAN DI SEMENANJUNG MALAYSIA 2023-12-14T23:23:01+08:00 Mazlan Majid mazlanbinmajid@hotmail.com <p>Penulisan ini memfokuskan kepada isu kekurangan sumber tenaga manusia tempatan dalam sektor perikanan marin di Semenanjung Malaysia. Kedudukan Semenanjung Malaysia yang menghadap Laut China Selatan di sebelah timur dan Selat Melaka serta Laut Andaman di sebelah barat membolehkan pihak kerajaan di Semenanjung Malaysia membangunkan sektor perikanan marin dengan mengembangkan aktiviti pengeluaran perikanan di Zon Ekonomi Eksklusif dan sehingga ke Lautan Pasifik. Input paling penting dalam apa-apa aktiviti ekonomi adalah sumber tenaga manusia. Pekerjaan sebagai nelayan di laut dalam yang bekerja di atas bot-bot besar adalah dari jenis aktiviti ekonomi yang memerlukan sumber manusia yang tahan lasak dalam melakukan kerja-kerja berbahaya dan berat. Keadaan ini telah menyebabkan pekerjaan sebagai nelayan di Malaysia kurang mendapat sambutan, sehingga sektor perikanan mengalami masalah kekurangan nelayan tempatan untuk bekerja di atas bot-bot perikanan di laut dalam. Data Perangkaan Perikanan Malaysia Tahun 2021 menunjukkan pembangunan sektor perikanan di Semenanjung Malaysia menghadapi masalah kekurangan tenaga kerja tempatan yang berminat untuk menjadi nelayan. Keadaan ini berpunca dari beberapa faktor yang menyebabkan pembangunan sektor perikanan di Semenanjung Malaysia tidak mencerminkan kedudukannya yang strategik di rantau ini untuk mengakses sumber-sumber perikanan di laut dalam dan lautan antarabangsa. Penulisan ini akan meneliti daya saing dan potensi sektor perikanan di Semenanjung Malaysia serta isu dan masalah utama yang dihadapi. Kekangan buruh sebagai isu utama dalam usaha mencapai pembangunan mampan perikanan akan diberi fokus dan seterusnya mencadangkan dasar dan peraturan jangka panjang untuk mengatasi masalah yang berlaku. Menurut laporan dari Banci Sendi 2017/2018 yang dijalankan oleh pihak Lembaga Kemajuan Ikan Malaysia (LKIM), populasi nelayan di Malaysia semakin meningkat usia mereka kerana tidak ramai golongan muda yang berminat menjadi nelayan pelapis. Daripada segi demografi nelayan, didapati lebih separuh nelayan berumur 50 tahun dan ke atas, manakala hanya satu perempat sahaja yang berumur antara 20 hingga 39 tahun. Kurangnya minat golongan muda untuk terlibat sebagai nelayan telah menyumbangkan kepada kemerosotan kemajuan sektor perikanan sebagai penyumbang pembangunan ekonomi yang penting bagi masyarakat di pesisir pantai. Penulisan ini akan meneliti isu-isu yang berkaitan dengan populasi nelayan muda yang semakin berkurang sehingga menjejaskan usaha pembangunan sektor perikanan di Malaysia pada masa hadapan.</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p>Kata Kunci: Nelayan, Buruh, Populasi, Penuaan, Perikanan</p> <p><strong>&nbsp;</strong></p> 2023-12-15T00:00:00+08:00 Copyright (c) 2023 SARJANA https://ejournal.um.edu.my/index.php/SARJANA/article/view/48593 THE LEADERSHIP ROLE OF CREATIVE GUILDS IN PROTECTING INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY TO SUSTAIN THE MALAYSIAN CREATIVE INDUSTRY 2023-12-14T23:41:57+08:00 Siti Fariza Mohamad Isa farizaisa@gmail.com Megat Al-Imran Yasin megat@upm.edu.my Mohd Shahrom Ismail mohdshahrom@psa.edu.my <p>Malaysia have witnessed the rise and downfall of the nation’s beloved singer, song writer, composer and actor, Tan Sri P. Ramlee that passed away in 1973. Year 2023 marks the end of the 50 years of copyright protection of the late Tan Sri P. Ramlee where his copyrighted works which was previously being granted royalty to the remaining family members will now be opened to the public domain. However, many legislative bodies and entities have initiated to extend the duration of copyright protection to 70 years as practiced in Singapore and the United States. The objectives of this study are firstly, to explore the leadership role of the creative guilds in Malaysia and secondly, to understand the advantages of copyright literacy among the stakeholders in the creative industry. This study uses a qualitative method by analysing a webinar of three panellists of representatives from different guilds in Malaysia discussing on the 50 Years of P. Ramlee copyrighted works. The webinar recorded were transcribed verbatim and analysed using the website version ATLAS.ti. This study as such brings to the fore the following emerging themes. The first theme discovered is the importance of unifying the creative guilds in Malaysia and have a powerful leadership to spearhead the direction of copyright protection and benefits to elevate the creative economy. The second theme that emerged is the lack of legal understanding of contract produced among the creative industry players which contributed to the limited monetary return in the long run in Malaysia.</p> <p>Keywords: <em>Malaysia, creative guilds, creative industry, creative economy, intellectual property, leadership, COVID-19</em></p> 2023-12-15T00:00:00+08:00 Copyright (c) 2023 SARJANA https://ejournal.um.edu.my/index.php/SARJANA/article/view/48594 AFFECT, NARRATIVES AND POLITICS OF SOUTHEAST ASIAN MIGRATION BY CARLOS M. PIOCOS III 2023-12-15T00:01:54+08:00 Omer F. Cingir ocingir1@gmail.com <p>Southeast Asia displays a dynamic migration flows, &nbsp;especially since the 1970s. The economic transformations and industrialization in Asian Tigers, coupled with neoliberal adjustments, have led to significant waves of migration across the region. Notably, intra-regional migration from countries like Indonesia and the Philippines to wealthier destinations such as Singapore and Hong Kong have been prominent. This movement, predominantly involving the participation of local women, middle-class mothers, and wives in the workforce, has created a demand for feminized labor, particularly for child and elderly care as well as domestic services. Consequently, governments in these destination countries have sought helpers and domestic workers from neighbouring nations. During this period, Indonesia and the Philippines faced issues like domestic poverty, widespread unemployment, and internal crises, prompting the development of labor export programs. These programs served both as a political administrative tool and a means to address escalating employment and fiscal crises. Hong Kong and Singapore emerged as major hubs for domestic workers from Indonesia and the Philippines. The migrant workforce has made significant contributions to the national economies of Hong Kong and Singapore, and their home countries have benefited from foreign exchange remittances, helping to alleviate domestic unemployment. In recognition of their contributions, the governments of the Philippines and Indonesia and media called these migrant workers as heroes (modern-day heroes and foreign exchange heroes respectively). However, the official narratives promoted by these governments do not effectively address the real-life challenges faced by domestic workers, including discrimination, abuse, and exploitation. Filipina and Indonesian domestic workers often experience marginalization, discrimination, and social exclusion, shaping their precarious living conditions. These challenges are vividly portrayed in literary and cinematic narratives, highlighting the workers' experiences of discrimination, victimization, and the sacrifices they make for their home countries.</p> 2023-12-15T00:00:00+08:00 Copyright (c) 2023 SARJANA