The role of salient beliefs influence on Malaysian academics’ intention to publish in indexed journals
Main Article Content
Abstract
To qualify in world top universities rankings, various incentives have been provided by private universities in Malaysia to improve one of the quantifiable performance indicators: imparting, sharing and transferring knowledge through research publication which, however, is still embryonic stage. To develop effective tactical strategies, the full version of Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) including salient beliefs that can cause the academics to form specific reactions towards attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioural control constructs need to be elicited and analysed through preliminary study that nevertheless is limited in the literature. To fill up this important research gap, this paper intends (1) to increase the understanding of what the full-version of TPB constructs measure; (2) to discuss the procedure for eliciting the salient beliefs; and (3) to understand how data on salient beliefs are to be analysed. The results revealed a number of new insightful behavioural, normative and control beliefs that go beyond the current understanding of the theory of planned behaviour. The findings of the study contribute to developing appropriate behavioural intervention programs to enhance academics’ intention to publish articles in highly reputable indexed journals. Overall, this article intends to provide useful indications to researchers to understand the importance of applying the full version of the TPB, and how a more structured method can be used to elicit and measure the descriptors of salient beliefs.
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Hosen, M., Chong, Y.-L., & Lau, L.-S. (2021). The role of salient beliefs influence on Malaysian academics’ intention to publish in indexed journals. Malaysian Journal of Library and Information Science, 26(1), 63–81. https://doi.org/10.22452/mjlis.vol26no1.4
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References
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Ajzen, I. 1991. The theory of planned behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, Vol. 50, no. 2: 179–211.
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Ajzen, I. 2020. The theory of planned behavior: Frequently asked questions. Human Behavior and Emerging Technologies, Vol. 2, no. 4: 314-324.
Ajzen, I., and Kruglanski, A. W. 2019. Reasoned action in the service of goal pursuit. Psychological review, Vol. 126, no. 5: 774–786.
Ajzen, I., and Schmidt, P. 2020. Changing behaviour using the theory of planned behavior (pp. 17-31). Cambridge University Press: New York, NY, USA.
Akosile, A., and Olatokun, W. 2020. Factors influencing knowledge sharing among academics in Bowen University, Nigeria. Journal of Librarianship and Information Science, Vol. 52, no. 2: 410-427.
Al-Kurdi, O. F., El-Haddadeh, R., and Eldabi, T. 2020. The role of organisational climate in managing knowledge sharing among academics in higher education. International Journal of Information Management, Vol. 50: 217-227.
Balu, R., Chong Y.L., and Cheng, M.Y. 2017. Eliciting salient beliefs of engineers in Malaysia on migrating abroad. Migration Letters, Vol. 14, no. 2: 221-236.
Balu, R., Chong Y.L., and Cheng, M.Y. 2018. Salient Beliefs that Influence the Malaysian Engineers Intention to Migrate Abroad. Border Crossing, Vol. 8, no. 1: 40-63.
Bengtsson, M. 2016. How to plan and perform a qualitative study using content analysis. NursingPlus Open, Vol. 2: 8-14.
Bosnjak, M., Ajzen, I., and Schmidt, P. 2020. The Theory of Planned Behavior: Selected Recent Advances and Applications. Europe’s Journal of Psychology, Vol. 16, no. 3: 352-356.
Boyd, P. and Smith, C. 2016. The contemporary academic: orientation towards research work and research identity of higher education lecturers in the health professions. Studies in Higher Education, Vol. 41, no. 4: 678–695.
Chong, C.W., Teh, P., and Tan, B.C. 2014. Knowledge sharing among Malaysian universities’ students: do personality traits, class room and technological factors matter? Educational Studies, Vol. 40, no. 1: 1–25.
Chumg, H., Cooke, L., Fry, J., and Hung, I. 2015. Factors affecting knowledge sharing in the virtual organization: Employees’ sense of well-being as a mediating effect. Computers in Human Behaviour, Vol. 44: 70–80.
Cronk, M. 2012. Social capital, knowledge sharing, and intellectual capital in the Web 2.0 enabled world. In D. Gurteen (Ed.), Leading issues in social knowledge management. Reading: Academic Conferences Limited.
Darch, P. T., Sands, A. E., Borgman, C. L., and Golshan, M. S. 2020. Library cultures of data curation: Adventures in astronomy. Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology, Vol. 71, no. 12: 1470-1483.
Dezdar, S. 2017. Promoting knowledge sharing in academic environments using non-monetary factors. Library Review, Vol. 66, no. 8/9: 595-611.
Erfanmanesh, M., Tahira, M., and Abrizah, A. 2017. The publication success of 102 nations in Scopus and the performance of their Scopus-indexed journals. Publishing Research Quarterly, Vol. 33, no. 4: 421-432.
Erlingsson, C., and Brysiewicz, P. 2017. A hands-on guide to doing content analysis. African Journal of Emergency Medicine, Vol. 7, no. 3: 93-99.
Fauzi, M. A., Tan, C. N. L., Thurasamy, R., and Ojo, A. O. 2019. Evaluating academics’ knowledge sharing intentions in Malaysian public universities. Malaysian Journal of Library & Information Science, Vol. 24, no. 1: 123-143.
Fauzi, M.A., Nya-Ling, C.T., Thursamy, R. and Ojo, A.O. 2019a. Knowledge sharing: Role of academics towards research productivity in higher learning institution. VINE Journal of Information and Knowledge Management Systems, Vol. 49, no. 1: 136-159.
Fishbein, M. and Ajzen, I. 1975. Belief, Attitude, Intention, and Behaviour: an Introduction to Theory and Research. Reading, Mass.: Addison-Wesley Pub.
Gagne, M. 2009. A model of knowledge sharing motivation. Human Resource Management, Vol. 48, no. 4: 571– 589.
Han, X., Zhou, Q., and Yang, J. 2011. A technical mode for sharing and utilizing open educational resources in Chinese universities. Knowledge Management & E-Learning, Vol. 3, no. 3: 356–374.
Hodonu-Wusu, J. O., Noorhidawati, A., and Abrizah, A. 2020. Malaysian researchers on open data: The first national survey on awareness, practices and attitudes. Malaysian Journal of Library & Information Science, Vol. 25, no. 2: 1-20.
Hosen, M., Chong, Y. L., and Lau, L. S. 2020. Sharing Knowledge Through Publishing Research Work in Indexed Journals: A Vision of Malaysian Private Universities. Asia- Pacific Social Science Review, Vol. 20, no. 4: 44-62.
Islam, M.S., Kunifuji, S., Hayama, T., and Miura, M. 2013. Knowledge sharing practices among doctoral students in JAIST to enhance research skills. Knowledge Management & E-Learning, Vol. 5, no. 2: 170–185.
Jamali, H. R., Nicholas, D., Watkinson, A., Abrizah, A., Rodríguez‐Bravo, B., Boukacem‐Zeghmouri, C., ... and Świgon, M. 2020. Early career researchers and their authorship and peer review beliefs and practices: An international study. Learned Publishing, Vol. 33, no. 2: 142-152.
Katajavuori, N., Virtanen, V., Ruohoniemi, M., Muukkonen, H., and Toom, A. 2019. The value of academics’ formal and informal interaction in developing life science education. Higher Education Research & Development, Vol. 38, no. 4: 793-806.
Khan, F., Ahmed, W., and Najmi, A. 2019. Understanding consumers’ behavior intentions towards dealing with the plastic waste: Perspective of a developing country. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, Vol. 142: 49-58.
Kim, S. and Ju, B. 2008. An analysis of faculty perceptions: Attitudes toward knowledge sharing and collaboration in an academic institution. Library & Information Science Research, Vol. 30: 282–290.
La Barbera, F., and Ajzen, I. 2020. Control interactions in the theory of planned behavior: Rethinking the role of subjective norm. Europe’s Journal of Psychology, Vol. 16, no. 3: 401-417.
Majid, S., and Panchapakesan, C. 2015. Perceptions and knowledge-sharing behaviour of pre-university students. International Information & Library Review, Vol. 47, no. 1-2: 30-38.
Malaysian Qualification Register, Malaysian Qualification Agency. Available at: http://www2.mqa.gov.my/mqr/.
Mansor, Z.D., Mustaffa, M., and Salleh, L.M. 2015. Motivation and willingness to participate in knowledge sharing activities among academics in a public university. Procedia Economics and Finance, Vol. 31: 286-293.
Ngozi I., Anasi, S.J., Akpan, I., and Adedokun, T. 2014. Information and communication technologies and knowledge sharing among academic librarians in south-west Nigeria: Implications for professional development. Library Review, Vol. 63, no. 4/5: 352-369.
Niven, A., and Hu, D. 2018. Office workers’ beliefs about reducing sitting time at work: a belief elicitation study. Health Psychology and Behavioral Medicine, Vol. 6, no. 1: 15-29.
Nooshinfard, F. and Nemati-Anaraki, L. 2014. Success factors of inter-organizational knowledge sharing: a proposed framework. The Electronic Library, Vol. 32, no. 2: 239-261.
Rahman, M.S., Mannan, M., Hossain, M.A., Zaman, M.H., and Hassan, H. 2018. Tacit knowledge-sharing behaviour among the academic staff: Trust, self-efficacy, motivation and Big Five personality traits embedded model. International Journal of Educational Management, Vol. 32, no. 5: 761-782.
Saide, Rahmat Trialih, Wei, H.L., Okfalisa, and Wirdah Anugrah. 2017. Knowledge sharing behaviour and quality among workers of academic institutions in Indonesia. International Journal of Business and Society, Vol. 18, no. 2: 353-368.
Seba, I., Rowley, J., and Delbridge, R. 2012. Knowledge sharing in the Dubai police force. Journal of Knowledge Management, Vol. 16, no. 1: 114–128.
Sutton, S., French, D.P., Hennings, S.J., Mitchell, J., Wareham, N.J., Griffin, S., Hardemand, W., and Kinmonth, L. 2003. Eliciting salient beliefs in research on the theory of planned behaviour: The effect of question wording. Current Psychology, Vol. 22, no. 3: 234-251.
Tan. N.L. 2016. Enhancing knowledge sharing and research collaboration among academics: the role of knowledge management. Higher Education, Vol. 71: 525-556.
Teh, P.L, Yong, C.C., Chong, C.W., and Yew, S.Y. 2011. Do the Big Five Personality Factors affect knowledge sharing behaviour? A study of Malaysian universities. Malaysian Journal of Library & Information Science, Vol. 16, no. 1: 47-62.
Vignoni, E. and Oppi, C. 2015. Investigating factors of intellectual capital to enhance achievement of strategic goals in a university hospital setting. Journal of Intellectual Capital, Vol. 16, no. 2: 1–39.
Valois, P., Talbot, D., Bouchard, D., Renaud, J. S., Caron, M., Canuel, M., and Arrambourg, N. 2020. Using the theory of planned behavior to identify key beliefs underlying heat adaptation behaviors in elderly populations. Population and Environment, Vol. 41, 480–506.
Wang, W.T. and Hou, Y.P. 2015. Motivations of employees’ knowledge sharing behaviours: A self-determination perspective. Information and Organization, Vol. 25, no. 1: 1-26.
Yzer, M., and Gilasevitch, J. 2019. Beliefs underlying stress reduction and depression help-seeking among college students: An elicitation study. Journal of American College Health, Vol. 67, no. 2: 153-160.
Abrizah, A., Noorhidawati, A. and Kiran, K. 2017. Global visibility of Asian universities’ open access institutional repositories. Malaysian Journal of Library & Information Science, Vol. 15, no. 3: 53-73.
Ajzen, I. 2011. The theory of planned behaviour: Reactions and reflections. Psychology and Health, Vol. 26, no. 9: 1113–1127.
Ajzen, I. 1991. The theory of planned behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, Vol. 50, no. 2: 179–211.
Ajzen, I. 2012. The theory of planned behavior. In P. A. M. Lange, A. W. Kruglanski, & E. T. Higgins (Eds.), Handbook of theories of social psychology, Vol. 1: 438–459, England: Sage
Ajzen, I. 2020. The theory of planned behavior: Frequently asked questions. Human Behavior and Emerging Technologies, Vol. 2, no. 4: 314-324.
Ajzen, I., and Kruglanski, A. W. 2019. Reasoned action in the service of goal pursuit. Psychological review, Vol. 126, no. 5: 774–786.
Ajzen, I., and Schmidt, P. 2020. Changing behaviour using the theory of planned behavior (pp. 17-31). Cambridge University Press: New York, NY, USA.
Akosile, A., and Olatokun, W. 2020. Factors influencing knowledge sharing among academics in Bowen University, Nigeria. Journal of Librarianship and Information Science, Vol. 52, no. 2: 410-427.
Al-Kurdi, O. F., El-Haddadeh, R., and Eldabi, T. 2020. The role of organisational climate in managing knowledge sharing among academics in higher education. International Journal of Information Management, Vol. 50: 217-227.
Balu, R., Chong Y.L., and Cheng, M.Y. 2017. Eliciting salient beliefs of engineers in Malaysia on migrating abroad. Migration Letters, Vol. 14, no. 2: 221-236.
Balu, R., Chong Y.L., and Cheng, M.Y. 2018. Salient Beliefs that Influence the Malaysian Engineers Intention to Migrate Abroad. Border Crossing, Vol. 8, no. 1: 40-63.
Bengtsson, M. 2016. How to plan and perform a qualitative study using content analysis. NursingPlus Open, Vol. 2: 8-14.
Bosnjak, M., Ajzen, I., and Schmidt, P. 2020. The Theory of Planned Behavior: Selected Recent Advances and Applications. Europe’s Journal of Psychology, Vol. 16, no. 3: 352-356.
Boyd, P. and Smith, C. 2016. The contemporary academic: orientation towards research work and research identity of higher education lecturers in the health professions. Studies in Higher Education, Vol. 41, no. 4: 678–695.
Chong, C.W., Teh, P., and Tan, B.C. 2014. Knowledge sharing among Malaysian universities’ students: do personality traits, class room and technological factors matter? Educational Studies, Vol. 40, no. 1: 1–25.
Chumg, H., Cooke, L., Fry, J., and Hung, I. 2015. Factors affecting knowledge sharing in the virtual organization: Employees’ sense of well-being as a mediating effect. Computers in Human Behaviour, Vol. 44: 70–80.
Cronk, M. 2012. Social capital, knowledge sharing, and intellectual capital in the Web 2.0 enabled world. In D. Gurteen (Ed.), Leading issues in social knowledge management. Reading: Academic Conferences Limited.
Darch, P. T., Sands, A. E., Borgman, C. L., and Golshan, M. S. 2020. Library cultures of data curation: Adventures in astronomy. Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology, Vol. 71, no. 12: 1470-1483.
Dezdar, S. 2017. Promoting knowledge sharing in academic environments using non-monetary factors. Library Review, Vol. 66, no. 8/9: 595-611.
Erfanmanesh, M., Tahira, M., and Abrizah, A. 2017. The publication success of 102 nations in Scopus and the performance of their Scopus-indexed journals. Publishing Research Quarterly, Vol. 33, no. 4: 421-432.
Erlingsson, C., and Brysiewicz, P. 2017. A hands-on guide to doing content analysis. African Journal of Emergency Medicine, Vol. 7, no. 3: 93-99.
Fauzi, M. A., Tan, C. N. L., Thurasamy, R., and Ojo, A. O. 2019. Evaluating academics’ knowledge sharing intentions in Malaysian public universities. Malaysian Journal of Library & Information Science, Vol. 24, no. 1: 123-143.
Fauzi, M.A., Nya-Ling, C.T., Thursamy, R. and Ojo, A.O. 2019a. Knowledge sharing: Role of academics towards research productivity in higher learning institution. VINE Journal of Information and Knowledge Management Systems, Vol. 49, no. 1: 136-159.
Fishbein, M. and Ajzen, I. 1975. Belief, Attitude, Intention, and Behaviour: an Introduction to Theory and Research. Reading, Mass.: Addison-Wesley Pub.
Gagne, M. 2009. A model of knowledge sharing motivation. Human Resource Management, Vol. 48, no. 4: 571– 589.
Han, X., Zhou, Q., and Yang, J. 2011. A technical mode for sharing and utilizing open educational resources in Chinese universities. Knowledge Management & E-Learning, Vol. 3, no. 3: 356–374.
Hodonu-Wusu, J. O., Noorhidawati, A., and Abrizah, A. 2020. Malaysian researchers on open data: The first national survey on awareness, practices and attitudes. Malaysian Journal of Library & Information Science, Vol. 25, no. 2: 1-20.
Hosen, M., Chong, Y. L., and Lau, L. S. 2020. Sharing Knowledge Through Publishing Research Work in Indexed Journals: A Vision of Malaysian Private Universities. Asia- Pacific Social Science Review, Vol. 20, no. 4: 44-62.
Islam, M.S., Kunifuji, S., Hayama, T., and Miura, M. 2013. Knowledge sharing practices among doctoral students in JAIST to enhance research skills. Knowledge Management & E-Learning, Vol. 5, no. 2: 170–185.
Jamali, H. R., Nicholas, D., Watkinson, A., Abrizah, A., Rodríguez‐Bravo, B., Boukacem‐Zeghmouri, C., ... and Świgon, M. 2020. Early career researchers and their authorship and peer review beliefs and practices: An international study. Learned Publishing, Vol. 33, no. 2: 142-152.
Katajavuori, N., Virtanen, V., Ruohoniemi, M., Muukkonen, H., and Toom, A. 2019. The value of academics’ formal and informal interaction in developing life science education. Higher Education Research & Development, Vol. 38, no. 4: 793-806.
Khan, F., Ahmed, W., and Najmi, A. 2019. Understanding consumers’ behavior intentions towards dealing with the plastic waste: Perspective of a developing country. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, Vol. 142: 49-58.
Kim, S. and Ju, B. 2008. An analysis of faculty perceptions: Attitudes toward knowledge sharing and collaboration in an academic institution. Library & Information Science Research, Vol. 30: 282–290.
La Barbera, F., and Ajzen, I. 2020. Control interactions in the theory of planned behavior: Rethinking the role of subjective norm. Europe’s Journal of Psychology, Vol. 16, no. 3: 401-417.
Majid, S., and Panchapakesan, C. 2015. Perceptions and knowledge-sharing behaviour of pre-university students. International Information & Library Review, Vol. 47, no. 1-2: 30-38.
Malaysian Qualification Register, Malaysian Qualification Agency. Available at: http://www2.mqa.gov.my/mqr/.
Mansor, Z.D., Mustaffa, M., and Salleh, L.M. 2015. Motivation and willingness to participate in knowledge sharing activities among academics in a public university. Procedia Economics and Finance, Vol. 31: 286-293.
Ngozi I., Anasi, S.J., Akpan, I., and Adedokun, T. 2014. Information and communication technologies and knowledge sharing among academic librarians in south-west Nigeria: Implications for professional development. Library Review, Vol. 63, no. 4/5: 352-369.
Niven, A., and Hu, D. 2018. Office workers’ beliefs about reducing sitting time at work: a belief elicitation study. Health Psychology and Behavioral Medicine, Vol. 6, no. 1: 15-29.
Nooshinfard, F. and Nemati-Anaraki, L. 2014. Success factors of inter-organizational knowledge sharing: a proposed framework. The Electronic Library, Vol. 32, no. 2: 239-261.
Rahman, M.S., Mannan, M., Hossain, M.A., Zaman, M.H., and Hassan, H. 2018. Tacit knowledge-sharing behaviour among the academic staff: Trust, self-efficacy, motivation and Big Five personality traits embedded model. International Journal of Educational Management, Vol. 32, no. 5: 761-782.
Saide, Rahmat Trialih, Wei, H.L., Okfalisa, and Wirdah Anugrah. 2017. Knowledge sharing behaviour and quality among workers of academic institutions in Indonesia. International Journal of Business and Society, Vol. 18, no. 2: 353-368.
Seba, I., Rowley, J., and Delbridge, R. 2012. Knowledge sharing in the Dubai police force. Journal of Knowledge Management, Vol. 16, no. 1: 114–128.
Sutton, S., French, D.P., Hennings, S.J., Mitchell, J., Wareham, N.J., Griffin, S., Hardemand, W., and Kinmonth, L. 2003. Eliciting salient beliefs in research on the theory of planned behaviour: The effect of question wording. Current Psychology, Vol. 22, no. 3: 234-251.
Tan. N.L. 2016. Enhancing knowledge sharing and research collaboration among academics: the role of knowledge management. Higher Education, Vol. 71: 525-556.
Teh, P.L, Yong, C.C., Chong, C.W., and Yew, S.Y. 2011. Do the Big Five Personality Factors affect knowledge sharing behaviour? A study of Malaysian universities. Malaysian Journal of Library & Information Science, Vol. 16, no. 1: 47-62.
Vignoni, E. and Oppi, C. 2015. Investigating factors of intellectual capital to enhance achievement of strategic goals in a university hospital setting. Journal of Intellectual Capital, Vol. 16, no. 2: 1–39.
Valois, P., Talbot, D., Bouchard, D., Renaud, J. S., Caron, M., Canuel, M., and Arrambourg, N. 2020. Using the theory of planned behavior to identify key beliefs underlying heat adaptation behaviors in elderly populations. Population and Environment, Vol. 41, 480–506.
Wang, W.T. and Hou, Y.P. 2015. Motivations of employees’ knowledge sharing behaviours: A self-determination perspective. Information and Organization, Vol. 25, no. 1: 1-26.
Yzer, M., and Gilasevitch, J. 2019. Beliefs underlying stress reduction and depression help-seeking among college students: An elicitation study. Journal of American College Health, Vol. 67, no. 2: 153-160.