الجدل في القرآن الكريم: دراسة تفصيلية في إثبات البعث من خلال الآيات 48-83 من سورة يس

Argumentation in the Noble Qur’an: A Detailed Study on the Affirmation of Resurrection through Verses 48–83 of Surah Yā Sīn

Abstract

The subject of argumentation (jadal) is of great importance in our present age, especially as our satellite channels have become filled with debate programs that often yield little tangible benefit. Argumentation has extended to every issue—even to matters considered unquestionable. Undoubtedly, argumentation is not a new phenomenon among human beings in our time; rather, it is part of their inherent nature. Allah the Exalted says: “And man is, of all things, most argumentative” (Qur’an 18:54). Argumentation is also not a trait exclusive to humans alone, for it occurred between Allah سبحانه وتعالى and the angels regarding the vicegerency of Adam عليه السلام on earth—an exchange often described as the Divine dialogue. However, in our contemporary context, argumentation has become blameworthy due to its frequent misuse and deviation from its proper and praiseworthy form. Falsehood is often defended without proof or evidence, far removed from the proper etiquettes outlined in the Noble Qur’an and from its remarkable methods of guiding people to the truth. For this reason, we have chosen to address the topic of argumentation in the Noble Qur’an, clarifying its types and explaining some of its methods through a detailed study of Qur’anic argumentation in affirming the resurrection, based on verses 48–83 of Surah Yā Sīn. To gain a deeper understanding of argumentation in the Qur’an, we begin by examining its linguistic and technical meanings, followed by distinguishing it from related terms such as disputation (muḥājjah), debate (munāẓarah), discussion (mubāḥathah), obstinacy (mukābarah), contentious wrangling (mirāʾ), and dialogue (muḥāwarah).