ZON PESISIRAN PANTAI: PENJANA PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI MALAYSIA
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Published:
Dec 30, 2004
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Abstract
Pertumbuhan ekonomi sering dikaitkan dengan kewujudan sumber dan etika pengurusannya. Namun, dikebanyakan negara membangun mahupun sedang membangun, khususnya negara-negara dunia ketiga, sumber menjadi elemen utama pertumbuhan ekonomi mahupun prasarana sosial. Terdapat pelbagai persoalan yang terbayang dalam minda seseorang apabila membincangkan konsep pesisiran pantai. Laut, paya bakau, pelancongan, perikanan, masyarakat nelayan, kemiskinan dan pelbagai persoalan akan bermain dalam pemikiran seseorang apabila konsep pesisiran pantai diutarakan. Namun pada hakikatnya, ke semua persepsi dan tanggapan tersebut hanya satu pandangan yang sempit serta tidak menyeluruh berhubung konsep zon pesisiran pantai secara global. Walaupun pada dasarnya hampir 70 peratus dan permukaan bumi diliputi lautan, namun is tidak mampu diurus dengan efisien akibat dan kerakusan manusia mengejar kekayaan sumber alam yang sering diperkatakan. Kini, sumber petroleum di Kutub Utara sekalipun sudah mula dikenalpasti sebagai lokasi penerokaan sumber utama bagi beberapa buah negara maju. Malah beberapa kerajaan serta tamadun purba seperti Tamadun Nil, Mesopotamia, Indus, kerajaan Sriwijaya dan Kerajaan Melayu Melaka sendiri berkembang di kawasan pesisiran pantai. Ini disebabkan kedudukan perdagangan jalan laut serta sumber ekonomi masyarakat setempat pada zaman dahulu kala yang sememangnya menganggap laut sebagai lokasi yang paling strategik menjalani kehidupan seharian. Untuk memudahkan perbincangan, kertas kerja ini dibahagikan kepada beberapa. bahagian. Bahagian kedua akan mengupas erti kata sebenar konsep pengurusan "Zon Pesisir Pantai Bersepadu" atau lebih dikenali sebagai 'Integrated Coastal Zone Management' (ICZM) dari pelbagai persepsi serta pandangan umum. Sementara bahagian ketiga pula akan melibatkan konsep-konsep ICZM hasil beberapa sorotan kajian lepas yang masih dipraktikan sehingga ke hari serta beberapa persoalan utama yang sering diperdebatkan apabila membincangkan konsep ICZM secara global. Bahagian keempat dan kelima pula akan memperkatakan hala tuju zon pesisir pantai sebagai penjana pertumbuhan ekonomi barn dalam konteks Malaysia serta beberapa cadangan bagi memantapkan lagi perkembangan pesisir pantai sebagai antara penyumbang ke arah pembangunan ekonomi Malaysia secara keseluruhan.
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