Article Processing Charge

O-jIE is committed to real and immediate open access for academic work. All of O-jIE's articles and reviews are free to access immediately from the date of publication. There are no author charges (commonly known as APCs) before publication, and no charge for any reader to download articles and reviews for their own scholarly use. To facilitate this, O-jIE depends upon the financial underwriting provided by the University of Malaya, the goodwill of its editorial team and advisory board, and the continuing support of its network of peer reviewers.